Python内置函数(37)――len

英文文档： len ( s ) Return the length (the number of items) of an object. The argument may be a sequence (such as a string, bytes, tuple, list, or range) or a collection (such as a dictionary, set, or frozen set). 说明： 1. 返回对象的长度，参数可以是序列(比如字符串、字节数组、元组、列表和range对象)，或者是集合(比如字典、集合、不可变集合) >>> len('abcd') # 字符串 4 >>> len(bytes('abcd','utf-8')) # 字节数组 4 >>> len((1,2,3,4)) # 元组 4 >>> len([1,2,3,4]) # 列表 4 >>> len(range(1,5)) # range对象 4 >>> len({'a':1,'b':2,'c':3,'d':4}) # 字典 4 >>> len({'a','b','c','d'}) # 集合 4 >>> len(frozenset('abcd')) #不可变集合 4

2. 如果参数为其它类型，则其必须实现__len__方法，并返回整数，否则报错。

>>> class A: def __init__(self,name): self.name = name def __len__(self): return len(self.name) >>> a = A('') >>> len(a) 0 >>> a = A('Aim') >>> len(a) 3 >>> class B: pass >>> b = B() >>> len(b) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<pyshell#65>", line 1, in <module> len(b) TypeError: object of type 'B' has no len() >>> class C: def __len__(self): return 'len' >>> c = C() >>> len(c) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<pyshell#71>", line 1, in <module> len(c) TypeError: 'str' object cannot be interpreted as an integer